- Mining
- Diamonds
- Dan Gertler 1997 Congolese diamond mine, expanded into the Dan Gertler International group (DGI), partnering with Glencore in 2007. Panama Papers Magnitsky Act Sanctions HSBC Swiss Leaks
- Glencore – International commodities trading, the largest in Switzerland.
- Erik Prince, mercenary forces in Africa
- The Wagner Group, Russian mercenaries in Africa
- The Timeline
